Measuring Multidimensional Parameters of Poverty Using Alkire and Foster Methodology in Qasimabad: A Case Study

This paper measures the multidimensional poverty using Alkire and Foster methodology for ten regions of Qasimabad on the primary data. No one indicator alone gives us clear picture of poverty as poverty is multidimensional in nature. We have taken three dimensions having equal weights, education, health and living standard. These dimensions are further divided in ten indicators, two for each, education and health, and six for living standards. Results suggest that region Gul Baig Chandio has the highest multidimensional poverty whereas Muslim Society has the lowest multidimensional poverty among the selected regions of Qasimabad. Results further suggest that the indicators which contribute more to multidimensional poverty are life expectancy, year of schooling, Assets, Improved sanitation, child mortality, flooring and child school attendance. Analyzing the data we came to know that the Percentage of people who are MPI poor in Qasimabad is 45(Incidence of poverty), whereas their average deprivations are 43.27% .Furthermore, Multidimensional poverty Index (MPI) is 19.47% in Qasimabad. Keywords: Multidimensional poverty, incidence of poverty, Average deprivatio

AMCTD: Adaptive Mobility of Courier nodes in Threshold-optimized DBR Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

In dense underwater sensor networks (UWSN), the major confronts are high error probability, incessant variation in topology of sensor nodes, and much energy consumption for data transmission. However, there are some remarkable applications of UWSN such as management of seabed and oil reservoirs, exploration of deep sea situation and prevention of aqueous disasters. In order to accomplish these applications, ignorance of the limitations of acoustic communications such as high delay and low bandwidth is not feasible. In this paper, we propose Adaptive mobility of Courier nodes in Threshold-optimized Depth-based routing (AMCTD), exploring the proficient amendments in depth threshold and implementing the optimal weight function to achieve longer network lifetime. We segregate our scheme in 3 major phases of weight updating, depth threshold variation and adaptive mobility of courier nodes. During data forwarding, we provide the framework for alterations in threshold to cope with the sparse condition of network. We ultimately perform detailed simulations to scrutinize the performance of our proposed scheme and its comparison with other two notable routing protocols in term of network lifetime and other essential parameters. The simulations results verify that our scheme performs better than the other techniques and near to optimal in the field of UWSN.Comment: 8th International Conference on Broadband and Wireless Computing, Communication and Applications (BWCCA'13), Compiegne, Franc

Birth preparedness among antenatal clients

Objective: To evaluate birth preparedness and complication readiness among antenatal care clients. Design: A descriptive cross- sectional study. Setting: Antenatal care clinic at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya. Subjects: Three hundred and ninety four women attending antenatal care at Kenyatta National hospital were interviewed using a pre-tested questionnaire between May 2006 and August 2006. Clients who were above 32 weeks gestation and had attended the clinic more than twice were recruited. Systematic sampling was used to select the study participants with every third client being interviewed. Main outcome measures: Health education on birth preparedness, knowledge of danger signs, preparations for delivery and emergencies. Results: Over 60% of the respondents were counselled by health workers on various elements of birth preparedness. Eighty seven point three per cent of the respondents were aware of their expected date of delivery, 84.3% had set aside funds for transport to hospital during labour while 62.9% had funds for emergencies. Sixty seven per cent of the respondents knew at least one danger sign in pregnancy while only 6.9% knew of three or more danger signs. One hundred and nine per cent of the respondents did not have a clear plan of what to do in case of an obstetric emergency. Level of education positively influenced birth preparedness. Conclusions: Education and counselling on different aspects of birth preparedness was not provided to all clients. Respondents knowledge of danger signs in pregnancy was low. Many respondents did not know about birth preparedness and had no plans for emergencies. East African Medical Journla Vol. 85 (6) 2008: pp. 275-28

Knowledge about hepatitis B and C among patients attending family medicine clinics in Karachi

Knowledge about hepatitis B and C was assessed in a cross-sectional study of 300 adults aged 18 or older attending family medicine clinics at The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. Most knew that hepatitis B and C are viral diseases that primarily affect the liver, but knowledge about risk factors for disease transmission was poor. Approximately 70% knew that hepatitis B is vaccine preventable; 60% had the misconception that hepatitis C is also vaccine preventable. The majority incorrectly believed that people with hepatitis B or C should follow the diet \u27parhaiz\u27. Generally women knew more than men about the diseases. This study suggests that health education about these infections should be provided to the public. Family physicians can play an important role in educating people about the prevention of these diseases

Potential benefits of student- and junior doctor-led textbooks

INTRODUCTION: Medical textbooks are an important teaching supplement. Few have junior doctors or medical students (‘juniors’) as primary contributors. However, the strengths of junior-led face-to-face teaching are now well-established, and we hypothesized that similar advantages would be transferrable to a textbook setting. METHODS: Juniors were approached to contribute to an independently published medical textbook, with senior clinicians recruited in parallel to ensure factual accuracy. Juniors directed every aspect of textbook writing and the production process. The published book stressed that it was an open collaboration with readers, inviting them to get in touch to evaluate the text and suggest ideas for new titles. RESULTS: Of 75 respondents, 93 % awarded the first textbook in the series 4 or 5 out of 5 for overall quality. Five other titles have been released, with seven more in development. Over 100 juniors are currently involved, with two students progressing from reviewers to editors after less than a year of mentorship. CONCLUSION: Juniors can be a motivated, dynamic, innovative group, capable of significant contributions to the medical textbook literature. This initiative has generated a sustainable infrastructure to facilitate junior-led publishing, and has the capacity for expansion to accommodate new initiatives and ideas

In situ consolidation of thermoplastic prepreg tape using automated tape placement technology: Potential and possibilities

The key parameters of the in-situ consolidation of carbon fibre reinforced poly-ether-etherketone (AS4-CF/PEEK) by automated tape placement (ATP) process were investigated by manufacturing of continuous rings and by laying tape onto pre-consolidated laminates. In order to establish and understand correlations between the process parameters and mechanical properties, a number of parametric studies were performed by manufacturing and testing the interlaminar shear strength, single lap shear strength and fracture toughness samples. The main process parameters investigated were the compaction force, tape laying speed and tool temperature. To achieve a uniform heat distribution across the thermoplastic tape, a new nozzle was designed. Baseline samples were also manufactured using the autoclave process to provide a comparison for the ATP composites produced. Optical microscopy was used for investigating the microstructure of composites compared. It was found that increasing the tool temperature reduced the temperature gradient between the incoming tape and substrate, resulting in better lap-shear strength and fracture toughness properties